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Samaydainik

डिल्लीराम दुलाल
हामीले हाम्रो मनमा हाम्राहरूलाई अटाउन सकेका छैनौं र हाम्रो हृदयमा हामीले हाम्राहरूलाई अटाएनौं भने हामी अरूको मनमा कसरी आटछौं। यस विषय चिन्तन गर्ने समय आएको छ। यसैले हामीले हाम्रो हृदय ठूलो बनाउनुपर्नेछ। हामीले हाम्राहरूलाई उत्साहित गर्ने बानी बसाउनुपर्छ। सङ्‌कुचित बन्नु हुँदैन, हामी पछि हुनुमा अरूलाई दोष दिनु गलत हो। मलाई लाग्छ, साहित्य कला-शिक्षा-अर्थ यी सबै मानिसका लागि हुन्‌। यसका लागि मानिस होइनन्‌। 195औं भानु जयन्तीको अवसरमा स्थानीय टाशी नामग्याल अकादमीको प्रेक्षागृहमा आयोजित भानुजयन्ती समारोहलाई सम्बोधन गर्दै मुख्यमन्त्री पवन चामलिङले उक्त मन्तव्य प्रकट गरे।
उपस्थित साहित्यप्रेमी व्यक्तित्व एवं विद्यार्थीहरूलाई अविवादन गर्दै प्रत्येक भानु जयन्तीबाट आफूले जोश र प्रेरणा लिने गरेको बताए। आफ्नो सम्बोधनमा मुख्यमन्त्री चामलिङले भने, संसारका 7 अरब मानिस सबैले अधिकार पाएका छन्‌ उनीहरूलाई आफ्नो अधिकार प्रयोग गर्ने अधिकार छ, तर जसले आफ्नो अधिकार प्रयोग गर्छ उ मालिक बन्छ तर जसले आफ्नो अधिकार प्रयोग गर्न सक्दैन उ उपभोक्ता बन्छ भन्दै हाम्रो समाज अझ पनि विचारको क्षेत्रमा उपभोक्तावादी छ भनी बताए। हाम्रो समाज उपभोक्ता संस्कृतिबाट मुक्त हुनपर्छ भनी आह्वान गरे।
परिवर्तन निरन्तर रहन्छ तर पुरानो उपभोक्ता संस्कृतिबाट हाम्रो समाज उन्मुक्त हुन नसकेकोमा दुःख प्रकट गर्दै समय अनुसारको पेशा अप्नाउनु पर्छ। यो दुनियाको अवसर र मौकालाई प्रयोग गरेर हामी उत्पादक बन्नुपर्छ। विचारको साहित्य र मानव संसाधनको उत्पादक बन्नुपर्छ। यो हाम्रो समाजको गम्भीर विषय हो यसलाई राजनीति तर्क नसम्झने आह्वान मुख्यमन्त्रीले गरे।
विश्वमा प्रतिस्पर्धी बन्न हाम्रो समाजलाई सकारात्मक सोच आवश्यक रहेको बताउँदै, 2020 सम्ममा राज्यमा आर्थिक विकासको जुन लक्ष्य राखिएको छ त्यसले अवसर ल्याइदिन्छ। अवसरबाट सृजना भएको माग र आपूर्तिको परिपूर्ति गर्न सक्षम सिक्किमे समाज बन्नुपर्छ भनी मुख्यमन्त्रीले बताए।
विकासको समग्रतालाई युवा जमातले बुझ्न आवश्यक रहेको ठहर गर्दै व्यक्ति, मानव संसाधन, राजनीतिक, आर्थिक, सामाजिक सबै विकासका आधार हुन्‌। राज्यका सबै नागरिकले नैस्वर्गिक अधिकार पाउन पर्छ भन्ने सरकारको अवधारणा छ, यसैले 2015-सम्ममा सिक्किम देशको सबैभन्दा अधिक प्रति व्यक्ति आय भएको राज्य बनाउने लक्ष्य छ। प्राकृतिले दिएका सुख, शान्ति सबैले पाउनु पर्छ। समाजमा कोही दुखी नहुन्‌। 21औं शताब्दीको अवसर र मौकालाई प्रयोग गर्नसक्ने सिक्किमको समाज तयार हुनुपर्छ। हाम्रो समाजले ठूलो सपना देख्नुपर्छ भन्दै विद्यार्थीहरूले जहिल्यै पनि ठूलो सपना देख्नुपर्ने प्रेरणा मुख्यमन्त्रीले दिए। यस अवसर वर्ष 2009 -को भानु पुरस्कारद्वारा सम्मानित कवि डा. राजेन्द्र भण्डारीलाई बधाई दिँदै यो सम्मान कवि भण्डारीको साहित्य जीवनमा एउटा माइलखुट्टी हो। सम्मानपछि कविले अझ प्रेरणा लिएर नेपाली र विश्व साहित्यमा अझ धेरै योगदान दिनेछन्‌ भनी बताए। कार्यक्रममा मुख्यमन्त्री पवन चामलिङले समय र सपनाको हिच्चा कविता सुनाएर समारोहलाई मन्त्रमुग्ध बनाए। 
भानुजयन्ती समारोहका सभाध्यक्ष एवं मानव संसाधन विकास मन्त्री एनके प्रधानले आफ्नो सम्बोधनमा भने, कवि भानुभक्तले त्यस्तो समयमा रामायणको अनुवाद गरी त्यस समयको समाजलाई जुन प्रकारको शिक्षाको ज्योति दिएका छन्‌ त्यसलाई कदापी हामीले भुल्न सक्दैनौं।कवि भानुभक्तको रामायणले मानिसहरूलाई साउँ अक्षर पढन सिकायो, शिक्षित समाज निर्माणमा सहयोग पुऱ्यायो। भानुभक्तको रामायणले नेपाली समाजमा प्रौढ शिक्षाको प्रचार प्रसार जोडतोडले गऱ्यो। भानुभक्तको रामायणले नेपाली समाजमा भाषिक एकरूपता, नेपाली भाषाको स्तरीयकरण र शिक्षाका क्षेत्रमा ठूलो योगदान पुऱ्याएको छ। 
उनले भने, आज सिक्किम सरकारले कवि भानुभक्तको विशाल मूर्ती पश्चिम सिक्किमको गेजिङमा निर्माण गरिरहेछ। कवि भानुभक्तले जे-जति कार्य गरेका छन्‌ त्यसको सम्पूर्ण जानकारीसहित गेजिङमा सांस्कृतिक अनुसन्धान केन्द्रको पनि स्थापना गरिँदैछ। राज्यका सम्माननीय मुख्यमन्त्री पवन चामलिङको नेतृत्वमा सिक्किम सरकारले नेपाली साहित्यका आदिकवि भानुभक्तको विशाल मूर्ति निर्माण गरी उनलाई बुझ्न चहानेहरूका लागि एउटा महत्वपूर्ण साहित्यिक तीर्थ हामी गेजिङमा निर्माण गर्दैछौं। 
उनले यसपटकको भानु जयन्तीमा शिक्षाका क्षेत्रमा जसरी कवि भानुभक्तले युगान्तकारी क्रान्ति ल्याएका थिए त्यस्तै आजको युगअनुसारको शिक्षाद्वारा हामी सम्पूर्ण सिक्किमे समाजलाई शिक्षित बनाउनका निम्ति कमर कसौंभनी अपील गरे। उनले शिक्षालाई हामीले उच्च प्राथमिकता दिएर सिक्किमको भविष्य निर्माण गर्न आवश्यक छ। सिक्किमको मानव संसाधनलाई विश्वस्तरीय बनाउन हामीले आजदेखि नै कमर कस्न आवश्यक छभने। 
यस अवसरमा सांस्कृतिक मामिला एवं धरोहर मामिला विभागीय मन्त्री सोनाम ग्याछो लेप्चालगायत अन्य मन्त्रीगणलगायत विभिन्न विभागीय अधिकारीगण एवं वरिष्ठ व्यक्तिहरूको उपस्थिति रहेको थियो।

*D.B.Rai ’anoop’

“We start our education by reading Bhanu Bhakta and end up insulting him,”-Laxmi prasad Devkota

Bhanu Bhakta is a most renowned and famous poet of all poets in Nepali language. He was born on 13th July, 1814 in Chundi Ramgha in the district of Tanahu of Nepal and was educated at home by his grandfather, Shri Krishna Acharya. His father Dhananjaya Acharya was a government official who worked for General Amar Singh Thapa, Governor of Palpa in western Nepal.

That time, Brahmins were the teachers, scholars, and priests of the society by virtue of their caste. Their education was Sanskrit oriented since most religious texts of the Hindu religion were in that language.
Bhanu Bhakta Acharya, born to a Brahmin family received an excellent education with a strong leaning towards religion at home from his grandfather. He led an unremarkable life until he met a grass cutter who wanted to give something to the society so that he could be remembered after death. Due to the inspiration of this grass cutter Bhanu Bhakta had started writing. How Bhanu Bhakta was inspired from the grass cutter- following are some excerpts from his poem :

“Bharjanma Ghans tira man diyi Dhana kamayo

Nam kehi rahos pachi bhani Kuwa khanayo

Ghanshi daridra gharko Tara budhi kasto

Ma Bhanu bhakta dhani bhaikana Aja esto

Mero inar,na ta sattal party kei chan Je chij ra dhan haru chan

Ghar bhitra nai chan Tyes ghanshi le kasari

aja diyecha arti Dhikkar ho ma kana Basnu narakhi kirti”

“He gives his life to cutting grass and earns little money,
he hopes to make a well for his people
so he will be remembered after death,
this high thinking grass cutter lives in poverty,
I have achieved nothing though I have much wealth.

I have neither made rest houses nor a well,
all my riches are inside my house.
This grass cutter has opened my eyes today,
my life is worthless if the memory of my existence fades away.”

(Translated by Pallav Ranjan)

Bhanu Bhakta wrote so many poems. Especially his Ramayan became very famous and popular among the Nepali people. He translated the Ramayan from Sanskrit to Nepali so simply and beautifully that every Nepali could remember the whole volume of Ramayan by heart. He is considered the first poet writing in Nepali Language. Poets before him in Nepal usually wrote in Sanskrit. So, Bhanu Bhakta Acharay is called Adikavi(Early poet) of Nepali language

ADIKAVI BHANU BHAKTA

Apart from this, there are also two reasons why Bhanu Bhakta is called Adikavi. Firstly, after Bhanu Bhakta, Nepali language, gradually, started to be standard and refined. Mr.Hridaya Chandra Sing Pradhan, a noted progressive critic in Nepali language, commenting on the standardness of language that was brought about by Bhanu Bhakta says: “The language of Bhanu Bhakta has spread literacy and created national sentiment. Besides, Bhanu Bhakta was instrumental for unification of Newar and Parvatey (Newar is the community lived in Kathmandoo valley and Parvatey are the communities of hill region).

Chaitanya, a renowned critic and linguistic, in his writing Bhanu Bhakta:Ek Mulayankan(Samiksah ra Saundarya:published by Pathyasamagri pasal,Ghantaghar) says: The language of Bhanu is very standard. Many writers regard Bhanu as national poet because of his command over language and writings…..only after his emergence, simplification, beautification and refinement came in Nepali language. Language is an important element for the existence of a nationality and Bhanu has played important role for its development.”

Secondly, his writings were more creative than other of his contemporaries. About his creativity Pallav Ranjan writes: Adikabi Bhanu Bhakta is considered the first poet to write in the Khas, or now the Nepali language. While there were other verses written in the Khas language before Bhanu Bhakta's time, some of them were hard to identify as poetry - the quality is sketchy; many of the writers disappeared due lack of a forum where they could foster their talents (sadly the audience was just not there); many wrote poetry that was too heavily Sanskritized. Bhanu Bhakta was definitely "the" writer who gained the acceptance of a wide range of people and his creations played a key role in popularizing the written form of the Khas language.

Bhanu Bhakta is also compared with Prithivi Narayan Saha, the king of Gorkha before a unified Nepal who conquered the various kingdoms of Nepal which were of different nationalities like Rai,Limbu,Tamang etc. and formed a unified modern Nepal.

“As Nepali nationalist love to point out, Bhanu Bhakta is said to have effected the emotional unification of all Nepalis, that is, those brought together inside territorial Nepal by King Prithivi Narayan Saha, through his rendering of Ramayan into colloquial Nepali,” writes Pratyosh Onta, a scholar of South-South Exchange Programme for Research on the History of Development (SEPHIS) of the International Institute of Social History, Amersdam .

ROLE OF MOTIRAM BHATTA IN INTRODUCING BHANU TO NEPALI WORLD

There are some critics who are not ready to admit Bhanu Bhakta Adikavi while the others call Bhan Bhakta a path-breaker, a trend-setter poet.

But above all, it was Motiram Bhatta who propagated Bhanu Bhakta among Nepali world; this has been accepted by all writers. “As said before, the credit of discovering Bhanu Bhakta goes to Motiram Bhatta. Bhatta took pains to collect the miscellaneous works of Bhanu Bhakta and published a collection. He also wrote the poet's biography. The search for Bhanu Bhakta's works must have been frustrating. He did not write many poems, or few survived if he did. His works appear in fragments that are neither organized nor titled. He concentrated his efforts on the Ramayan, and most of his short poems deal with events which he felt profoundly about or they sing the praises of his gods,” Pallav Ranjan says.

Chaitanya also fleshes it out thus: the study and evaluation process on Bhanu Bhakta actually was started from Moti ram Bhatta. Besides, the Indian Nepalese of Darjeeling also has great role to make Bhanu Bhakta more popular.

SIKKIM’S CONTRIBUTION FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF NEPALI LANGUAGE

Sikkim has a vital role for the development Nepali language in India. It was due to Sikkim under the leadership of Dil Kumari Bhandari, the then Lok Sabha M.P.,Nepali language got recognition in 8th schedule of the Indian constitution after a long struggle in 20 August,1992.

Now under the direction of chief minister Pawan Chamling, who is also a progressive poet and has written several poems in Nepali, a research centre for the development of Nepali language, tradition and culture is being built in Geyzing, West Sikkim. Indra Bahadur Rai, a towering figure in Nepali world, has visited the site, recently. Such research centre would definitely help Nepali language flourish.

Sikkim Government under chief minister Pawan Chamling has also been honouring Nepali personalities all over India from time to time.

Chattrey Subba is as innocent as Binayak Sen